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Regulatory compliance: Ensure that the chosen coal type complies with local regulations and environmental standards. A second peak in coal deposition began in the Cretaceous, though most of this is lower rank coal rather than bituminous. [49] In the United States, Cretaceous bituminous coals occur in Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico. [53] [54] In Canada, the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin of Alberta and British Columbia hosts major deposits of bituminous coal that formed in swamps along the western margin of the Western Interior Seaway. They range in age from latest Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous in the Mist Mountain Formation, to Late Cretaceous in the Gates Formation. [55] The Intermontane and Insular Coalfields of British Columbia also contain deposits of Cretaceous bituminous coal. [56] Due to its relatively high energy output and availability in many regions worldwide, bituminous coal has been widely used for electricity generation and industrial processes such as steel production. Anthracite coal Vs. bituminous coal – Key differences Characteristic Coal rank is based on several characteristics of the coal. The fixed carbon content refers to the percentage of the coal that is neither moisture, nor ash, nor volatile matter. When evaluated on a dry, mineral-matter-free basis, the fixed carbon content is the fraction of the coal that is not volatile organic matter. [3] An agglomerating coal is a coal that softens when heated, forming a hard, gray, porous coke that resists crushing. [4] Vitrinite reflectance is a measure of how reflective a polished surface of an average particle of vitrinite in the coal is. It is determined by how much of the carbon has condensed to an aromatic form from the heat and pressure of deep burial. [5] Suárez-Ruiz, I.; Diez, M.A.; Rubiera, F. (2019). "Coal". New Trends in Coal Conversion. Woodhead Publishing. pp.1–30. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-102201-6.00001-7. ISBN 9780081022016.

a b Mobley, R. Keith (2001). "Coal and ash". Plant engineer's handbook. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. p.21/339. ISBN 9780080539041 . Retrieved 10 November 2021.

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Anthracite is categorized into several grades. Standard grade is used predominantly in power generation, and high grade (HG) and ultra high grade (UHG), are used predominantly in the metallurgy sector. Anthracite accounts for about 1% of global coal reserves, [6] and is mined in only a few countries around the world. While an effective heating source, there are numerous environmental concerns regarding the domestic burning of bituminous coal. This has lead to the possibility, as discussed in the government’s clean air strategy, of this type of coal being phased out.

Bituminous coal is its carbon content, which ranges from 45% to 86%. This makes it a relatively high-grade fuel compared to other types of coal. In terms of energy output, bituminous coal produces more heat per unit than lower-grade coals. Though almost all agglomerating coal is of bituminous rank, some bituminous coal is not agglomerating. [6] Non-agglomerating bituminous coal includes cannel coal and boghead coal. These are nonbanded and nonreflective, and break with a conchoidal fracture. Both are sapropelic, in contrast with most bituminous coal, which is humic (composed of decayed woody tissue of plants). Cannel coal is composed mostly of plant spores, while boghead coal is composed mostly of nonspore algal remains. [13] [14] Subranks [ edit ] Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference Environmentally Sound, Anthracite coal is a full-cycle resource. Burn it for heat, use the ashes for acetic landfill and crop fertilizers.

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Mohr, S.H.; Evans, G.M. (November 2009). "Forecasting coal production until 2100". Fuel. 88 (11): 2059–2067. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.01.032. hdl: 10453/15252.