Circular and Co Leakproof Reusable Coffee Cup 12oz/340ml - The World's First Travel Mug Made from Recycled Coffee Cups, 100% Leak-Proof, Sustainable & Insulated (Black & Electric Mustard)

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While the initial focus of the academic, industry, and policy activities were mainly focused on the development of re-X (recycling, remanufacturing, reuse, etc. The company embraces the "own less" culture instead of owning multiple pairs of jeans, thus promoting sufficiency and resource conservation.

First prize went to the then US Secretary of Agriculture, second prize to Amory and Hunter Lovins, and fourth prize to Peter Senge.Boulding's essay "The Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth" [53] is often cited as the first expression of the "circular economy", [54] although Boulding does not use that phrase. The first such model, known as the "Three R principle", was "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle", [64] which can be traced back as early as the 1970s.

With 114 published definitions for the Circular Economy, synthesis and collaboration, previously exemplified, could benefit and popularize CE application in higher education. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.The site of the village is in a perfectly circular valley, about a quarter of a mile in circumference, and entirely surrounded by gentle hills, over whose summit the people have never yet ventured to pass. With the vehicle recycling industry (in the EU) only being able to recycle just 75% of the vehicle, meaning 25% is not recycled and may end up in landfills, [157] there is much to improve here. Some car manufacturers such as Volvo are also looking at alternative ownership models (leasing from the automotive company; "Care by Volvo"). Using product case studies and economy-wide analysis, the report details the potential for significant benefits across the EU. Modular Robotics designs and manufactures Cubelets, modular robotic toys that can be easily reconfigured and expanded upon as children grow and learn.

As illustrated in the Figure, these five approaches to resource loops can also be seen as generic strategies or archetypes of circular business model innovation. In a linear economy, natural resources are turned into products that are ultimately destined to become waste because of the way they have been designed and manufactured.

Literature published in 2004 suggests that, along with previously established pollution mitigation, a more circular supply chain would help mitigate some of the pollution at the extraction point. Examples of adding value in innovative ways to the Dutch economy are an exchange of resources (either waste or water flows) for production from different industries and changing the transit port to a transit hub concept.