Roman Britain (Historical Map and Guide): 7

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Non-Directorate of Overseas Surveys (DOS) series were mainly produced by national survey departments and held in the original OS International Library. They don't form part of the Ordnance Survey International Collection (OSIC) map archive at the Royal Geographic Society with the Institute of British Geographers (RGS-IBG). The series has been offered to academic institutions throughout the British Isles. Directorate of Overseas Surveys progress folders

The Roman roads in Britain were, with Roman aqueducts, and the Roman army, [1] one of the most impressive features of the Roman Empire in Britain. This available online and provides an excellent overview as the OS Map has considerable detail on it. It is in our plans to provide a set of mapping data that can be used by us all using Google Maps nd Google Earth so we will keep you posted on that but for the moment here are the top 3 sources we have identified: The collection holds approximately 1.5 million monochrome, vertical aerial photographs. Each one is survey-standard and suitable for viewing stereoscopically in 3D. Most are at nominal scale 1:30 000 – 1:60 000 and in 230 mm by 230 mm format. Mostly panchromatic, though there are infrared, monochrome prints, off-colour, infra-red negatives, and a few colour prints. The example map sheets are held with full supporting records. Directorate of Overseas Surveys staff lists In Britannia, [2] as in other provinces, the Romans constructed a network of paved trunk roads to (surfaced highways). In their nearly four centuries of occupation (43 – 410 AD) they built about 2,000 miles of Roman roads in Britain. They are shown on the Ordnance Survey's Map of Roman Britain. [3] This is the most accurate and up-to-date layout of certain and probable routes that is available to the general public.A basic scale used on former British territories was 1:50 000. Smaller scales were used in arid lands such as British Somaliland (1:125 000) and parts of Botswana (1:125 000, later 1:100 000). Larger scales (1:25 000) in Mediterranean and Caribbean islands. "Selected" areas, and sometimes whole islands (Malta, Gozo, Bermuda), were mapped at 1:2500 scale (occasionally 1:5000, 1:2400, 1:1200) and, rarely, at 1:500 scale (Male, Stanley). The RGS-IBG collection contains all series produced by the Directorate of Colonial Services (DCS) and its subsequent successors between 1946 and 1999. This includes: Although most of the maps are topographic, there are significant holdings of geological and land use mapping. Other thematic maps include climate, soils, and population.

Into the fossa was dumped large amounts of rubble, gravel and stone, whatever fill was available. Sometimes a layer of sand was put down, if it could be found. When it came to within 1 yd (1 m) or so of the surface it was covered with gravel and tamped down, a process called pavire, or pavimentare. The flat surface was then the pavimentum. It could be used as the road, or additional layers could be constructed. A statumen or "foundation" of flat stones set in cement might support the additional layers.In addition to contract photography, the collection occasionally holds cover obtained by the national survey departments, and other aid agencies such as the Canadian International Development Agency. The Directorate of Overseas Surveys (DOS) survey data catalogue is stored in 49 Kalamazoo binders. The master control diagrams (MCDs), generally at 1:500 000 scale, show the position and classification of every astronomical, trigonometrical or Doppler station for which coordinates suitable for 1:50 000 scale mapping are held. Master trig diagrams (MTDs) on the same sheetlines and scale show the observed rays used to fix the trig stations. A set of maps usually covering the whole of Great Britain in 1-2 sheets. Often these show thematic overlays to illustrate particular subjects and distributions: geology, military districts, population, historical snapshots including Roman Britain, and Britain in the Dark Ages, and the Principal Triangulation.

Four maps have been permanently preserved at The National Archives as typical examples of Directorate of Overseas Surveys (DOS) map production between 1946 and 1999: By 1991 the last significant, aid-funded mapping projects had been completed by OSD and all survey parties had been disbanded. OSD’s title was changed to OS International and its priorities turned to consultancy, mainly in Eastern Europe, while traditional map production gradually declined. Roman roads remained in use as trunk roads for centuries after the Romans withdrew from Britain in 410 AD. Systematic construction of paved highways did not resume in England until the 18th century. This collection is predominately held by the Royal Geographic Society with the Institute of British Geographers (RGS-IBG), with additional records held by The National Archives. Royal Geographic Society with the Institute of British Geographers Ordnance Survey already had its own international division. When the two organisations were merged in 1984, all international aerial photographs, maps, and survey data were amalgamated into one working collection. It was named Technical Information and Support Services and kept that title for seven years, before being renamed International Library in 1991.A guide to main areas of primary triangulation and traverse, and secondary and minor control established by Directorate of Overseas Surveys (DOS), is provided in the DOS Annual Reports from 1959 to 1984. During the 1970s, government reviewed the DOS’ purpose. Then, in 1984, the organisation was merged with Ordnance Survey and given a new title: Overseas Surveys Directorate, OS (OSD).

RAF photography at varying scales is held, along with Royal Navy photography. Additional records exist for more than one set of cover at various dates and is available for environmental research, geomorphology, vegetation, communications, and settlement, across a 40–50-year time span.In difficult cases DOS would study the evolution of the boundary over many decades, then write a critique explaining how the boundary alignment was transferred from official documents to the DOS map. One example would be the former Yemen Arab Republic-People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen boundary. Directorate of Overseas Surveys map production example set Other agencies’ editions in series produced jointly by DOS, national mapping agencies and British Military Survey Between 1946 and the late 1980s, Directorate of Overseas Surveys (DOS) field parties worked towards establishing ground control (planimetric and height) for mapping, observing national primary and secondary survey frameworks, and assisting with tertiary and cadastral control and levelling. The collection includes results of control surveys by other organisations, some connected to DOS schemes and most used by DOS in its mapping programmes. listed chronologically)• ca. 1852? - Diagram shewing the principal triangulation for the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain and Ireland.