TickiT 03083 Giant Teeth Demonstration set & We're Going to the Dentist: Going for a Check-up

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Megalodon had a cosmopolitan distribution; [22] [64] its fossils have been excavated from many parts of the world, including Europe, Africa, the Americas, and Australia. [30] :67 [74] It most commonly occurred in subtropical to temperate latitudes. [22] [30] :78 It has been found at latitudes up to 55° N; its inferred tolerated temperature range was 1–24°C (34–75°F). [note 1] It arguably had the capacity to endure such low temperatures due to mesothermy, the physiological capability of large sharks to maintain a higher body temperature than the surrounding water by conserving metabolic heat. [22]

Cooper, J. A.; Pimiento, C.; Ferrón, H. G.; Benton, M. J. (2020). "Body dimensions of the extinct giant shark Otodus megalodon: a 2D reconstruction". Scientific Reports. 10 (14596): 14596. Bibcode: 2020NatSR..1014596C. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71387-y. PMC 7471939. PMID 32883981. They are also quite common off the coast of Morocco and parts of Australia. They can even be found in the UK near Walton-on-the-Naze, Essex,' says Emma, although they are extremely rare in the UK and tend to be of poor quality. Are megalodon teeth rare? Anderson, P.S.L.; Westneat, M. (2009). "A biomechanical model of feeding kinematics for Dunkleosteus terrelli (Arthrodira, Placodermi)". Paleobiology. 35 (2): 251–269. Bibcode: 2009Pbio...35..251A. doi: 10.1666/08011.1. S2CID 86203770. Weighing as much as 80 tonnes and measuring more than 20 metres long, the marine reptiles were among some of the largest animals to have ever lived. They would have been the top predators swimming in the ocean 205 million years ago.Although he did add that it "is always possible to find new species and animals that have gone unnoticed by science, but at 16 metres long, it would be very difficult to have not detected it." This extraordinary fossil may help create a better picture of what these gigantic predators looked like. Why did megalodon go extinct?

a b Prothero, Donald R. (25 August 2015). "09. Mega-Jaws: The Largest Fish. Carcharocles". The Story of Life in 25 Fossils: Tales of Intrepid Fossil Hunters and the Wonders of Evolution. New York Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press. pp.96–110. doi: 10.7312/prot17190-010. ISBN 978-0-231-53942-5. The earliest megalodon fossils ( Otodus megalodon, previously known as Carcharodon or Carcharocles megalodon) date to 20 million years ago. For the next 13 million years the enormous shark dominated the oceans until becoming extinct just 3.6 million years ago.Megalodon may have subjected contemporaneous white sharks to competitive exclusion, as the fossil records indicate that other shark species avoided regions it inhabited by mainly keeping to the colder waters of the time. [95] [30] :77 In areas where their ranges seemed to have overlapped, such as in Pliocene Baja California, it is possible that megalodon and the great white shark occupied the area at different times of the year while following different migratory prey. [30] :77 [96] Megalodon probably also had a tendency for cannibalism, much like contemporary sharks. [97] Feeding strategies Artistic impression of a megalodon pursuing two Eobalaenoptera whales In his 2015 book, The Story of Life in 25 Fossils: Tales of Intrepid Fossil Hunters and the Wonders of Evolution, Donald Prothero proposed the body mass estimates for different individuals of different length by extrapolating from a vertebral centra based on the dimensions of the great white, [50] a methodology also used for the 2008 study which supports the maximum mass estimate. [51] The genus Carcharocles may be invalid, and the shark may actually belong in the genus Otodus, making it Otodus megalodon. [5] A 1974 study on Paleogene sharks by Henri Cappetta erected the subgenus Megaselachus, classifying the shark as Otodus ( Megaselachus) megalodon, along with O. (M.) chubutensis. A 2006 review of Chondrichthyes elevated Megaselachus to genus, and classified the sharks as Megaselachus megalodon and M. chubutensis. [5] The discovery of fossils assigned to the genus Megalolamna in 2016 led to a re-evaluation of Otodus, which concluded that it is paraphyletic, that is, it consists of a last common ancestor but it does not include all of its descendants. The inclusion of the Carcharocles sharks in Otodus would make it monophyletic, with the sister clade being Megalolamna. [7]

The ichthyosaur tooth is 4 inches long (100 mm), and missing part of its crown. The beast that bore it may be one of the alrgest sea monsters ever. (Image credit: Dr Martin Sander/ Dr Heinz Furrer) Monsters of the deep a b c d e f g Prothero, D. R. (2015). "Mega-Jaws". The Story of Life in 25 Fossils. New York, New York: Columbia University Press. pp.96–110. ISBN 978-0-231-17190-8. OCLC 897505111. Swiss naturalist Louis Agassiz gave megalodon its scientific name in his seminal 1833-1843 work Recherches sur les poissons fossiles (Research on fossil fish). He named it Carcharias megalodon in an 1835 illustration of the holotype and additional teeth, congeneric with the modern sand tiger shark. [1] [2] The specific name is a portmanteau of the Ancient Greek words μεγάλος ( megálos, meaning "big") and ὀδών ( odṓn, meaning "tooth"), [17] [18] combined meaning "big tooth." Agassiz referenced the name as early as 1832, but because specimens were not referenced they are not taxonomically recognized uses. [2] Formal description of the species was published in an 1843 volume, where Agassiz revised the name to Carcharodon megalodon as its teeth were far too large for the former genus and more alike to the great white shark. [1] He also erroneously identified several megalodon teeth as belonging to additional species eventually named Carcharodon rectidens, Carcharodon subauriculatus, Carcharodon productus, and Carcharodon polygurus. [1] [19] Because Carcharodon megalodon appeared first in the 1835 illustration, the remaining names are considered junior synonyms under the principle of priority. [2] [19] Evolution Diagram of the chronospecies evolution of megalodon a b c d e f g h Pimiento, Catalina; Ehret, Dana J.; MacFadden, Bruce J.; Hubbell, Gordon (2010). Stepanova, Anna (ed.). "Ancient Nursery Area for the Extinct Giant Shark Megalodon from the Miocene of Panama". PLOS ONE. 5 (5): e10552. Bibcode: 2010PLoSO...510552P. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010552. PMC 2866656. PMID 20479893.

A quick look into a giant pandas’ teeth and mouth

Townsend G, et al. (2009). Genetic andenvironmental influences on dental variation: A critical evaluation of studiesinvolving twins. DOI: In 2021, Victor J. Perez, Ronny M. Leder, and Teddy Badaut proposed a method of estimating total length of megalodon from the sum of the tooth crown widths. Using more complete megalodon dentitions, they reconstructed the dental formula and then made comparisons to living sharks. The researchers noted that the 2002 Shimada crown height equations produce wildly varying results for different teeth belonging to the same shark (range of error of ± 9 metres (30ft)), casting doubt on some of the conclusions of previous studies using that method. Using the largest tooth available to the authors, GHC 6, with a crown width of 13.3 centimeters (5.2in), they estimated a maximum body length of approximately 20 meters (66ft), with a range of error of approximately ± 3.5 metres (11ft). [45] This maximum length estimate was also supported by Cooper and his colleagues in 2022. [53] A lot of reconstructions have megalodon looking like a bigger version of the great white shark because for a long time people thought they were related,' explains Emma. 'We now know that this is not the case, and megalodon is actually from a different lineage of shark of which megalodon was the last member.'