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Rate Restriction – Here, the well’s flow rate is restricted to a level that prohibits or minimizes sand production.
Wan Renpu, 2011. Advanced Well Completion Engineering, Third Edition. 3 Edition. Gulf Professional Publishing.
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Regulacion RE, Shahreyar N (2011) Inflow control devices minimize annular velocity in gas wells with stand-alone screen completions. In: SPE European formation damage conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers. 12, https://doi.org/10.2118/142700-MS This section lists down some of the sand control that is recently installed in different reservoirs around the world. They are: Sand production affects more than 70% of the oil and gas reservoirs around the world (Khamehchi et al. 2015; Ikporo and Sylvester 2015). It can have a severe effect on well productivity and equipment as it could plug the well and erode equipment which could lead to loss of containment and also settle in surface vessels. Sand production can be controlled and mitigated by installing sand control both downhole and at the surface. The application of sand control in a reservoir could prevent or minimize the sand from being produced. However, installing unsuitable sand control normally comes with risks, such as high skin and a decrease in productivity index (Hodge et al. 2002; Khamehchi et al. 2015; Ikporo and Sylvester 2015; Changyin et al. 2016; Gupta et al. 2016; Toelsie and Prediepkoemar 2013; Matanovic et al. 2012).
Toelsie S, Prediepkoemar G (2013) Sand control in shallow unconsolidated sandstone oil reservoirs at staatsolie NV suriname. In: SPE European formation damage conference & exhbition. Society of petroleum engineers
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Continue to do the injections at a constant rate as you empty the collection container once per litre The determination of whether a particle size is erosive is very critical. Fine particles sometimes do not contribute either to erosion or to plugging as they pass freely through the screens. However, reportedly, erosion of wire wrapped screen (WWS) was due to the passage of fine particles across the screen at high velocities (Hamid and Ali 1997). Furthermore, Kumar et al. ( 2018) found that poorly sorted sand with high fines content causes more erosion damage to the sand screen than uniform well-sorted sand. Conversely, sand below 50 µm has been found to be non-erosive (Hamid and Ali 1997; Agunloye and Utunedi 2014). Therefore, examining the erosion tendency of particles over a wide range of sizes under various conditions is important. Effect of particle size and particle size distribution on screen erosion Limitations that have been identified by Chanpura et al. ( 2011) and Agunloye and Utunedi ( 2014) from sand retention tests include When the contaminants reach builds up in the machinery and equipment, you will suffer heavy economic losses as a result of downtime, revenue loss, cleanup, and repair. You can measure the particle size and particle size distribution using two methods: laser particle size analysis (LPSA) and dry sieving. Sand control screen LPSA
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