RHS Encyclopedia of Gardening

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The Slow Food movement has sought in some countries to add an edible school yard and garden classrooms to schools, e.g. in Fergus, Ontario, where these were added to a public school to augment the kitchen classroom. Garden sharing, where urban landowners allow gardeners to grow on their property in exchange for a share of the harvest, is associated with the desire to control the quality of one's food, and reconnect with soil and community. [20] Gardening is an art and a science. It takes not only intuition and a sense of aesthetics, but also solid information. Every skilled gardener benefits from both experience and scientific know-how, and most have shelves full of gardening books. Gardeners now have the added resource of the Internet for opinions, ideas, and information. Vanitzian, Donie (4 September 2016). "Q&A: An HOA board does not have the authority to ban drought-tolerant landscaping". Los Angeles Times. Best Vegetables for Thriving Raised Bed Gardens in North Carolina". Harvesting Nature's Bounty, One Step at a Time. 5 June 2023 . Retrieved 30 June 2023.

Rootball - the roots and accompanying soil when a plant is removed from a container or lifted from the ground Lloyd, Christopher; Richard Bird (1999). The Cottage Garden. Jacqui Hurst. Dorling Kindersley. pp.6–9. ISBN 978-0-7513-0702-3. The key distinction between gardening and farming is essentially one of scale; gardening can be a hobby or an income supplement, but farming is generally understood as a full-time or commercial activity, usually involving more land and quite different practices. One distinction is that gardening is labor-intensive and employs very little infrastructural capital, sometimes no more than a few tools, e.g. a spade, hoe, basket and watering can. By contrast, larger-scale farming often involves irrigation systems, chemical fertilizers and harvesters or at least ladders, e.g. to reach up into fruit trees. However, this distinction is becoming blurred with the increasing use of power tools in even small gardens.

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Generally, monastic garden types consisted of kitchen gardens, infirmary gardens, cemetery orchards, cloister garths and vineyards. Individual monasteries might also have had a "green court", a plot of grass and trees where horses could graze, as well as a cellarer's garden or private gardens for obedientiaries, monks who held specific posts within the monastery.

Gardens in Renaissance were adorned with sculptures, topiary and fountains. In the 17th century, knot gardens became popular along with the hedge mazes. By this time, Europeans started planting new flowers such as tulips, marigolds and sunflowers. Gardening can also support good numbers and a wide range of pollinators, but worryingly bees and other pollinators are in decline. Gardeners can make a difference to help reverse this trend. [33] The main thing that matters is that they get their share of nectar to fuel their busy lifestyles, [34] and this is where gardening can help them. Biodynamic gardening or biodynamic agriculture is similar to organic gardening, but includes various esoteric concepts drawn from the ideas of Rudolf Steiner, such as astrological sowing and planting calendar and particular field and compost preparations. Henry, M.; Beguin, M.; Requier, F.; Rollin, O.; Odoux, J.-F.; Aupinel, P.; Aptel, J.; Tchamitchian, S.; Decourtye, A. (2012). "A Common Pesticide Decreases Foraging Success and Survival in Honey Bees" (PDF). Science. 336 (6079): 348–350. Bibcode: 2012Sci...336..348H. doi: 10.1126/science.1215039. PMID 22461498. S2CID 41186355. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 November 2020.Main article: History of gardening Robert Hart's forest garden in Shropshire, England Ancient times [ edit ] Garden design is considered to be an art in most cultures, distinguished from gardening, which generally means garden maintenance. Garden design can include different themes such as perennial, butterfly, wildlife, Japanese, water, tropical, or shade gardens. In US and British usage, the production of ornamental plantings around buildings is called landscaping, landscape maintenance or grounds keeping, while international usage uses the term gardening for these same activities. Commercial gardening is a more intensive type of gardening that involves the production of vegetables, nontropical fruits, and flowers from local farmers. Commercial gardening began because farmers would sell locally to stop food from spoiling faster because of the transportation of goods from a far distance. Mediterranean agriculture is also a common practice that commercial gardeners use. Mediterranean agriculture is the practice of cultivating animals such as sheep to help weed and provide manure for vine crops, grains, or citrus. Gardeners can easily train these animals to not eat the actual plant. [19]

Gardening Is a Hedge Against Supply Chain Disruptions". 16 July 2022. Archived from the original on 19 July 2022 . Retrieved 19 July 2022. Want to start gardening but don't know where to start? We’ve compiled a great list of informative gardening books for beginners, that answer questions faced by those that are new to gardening, such as how to start gardening, what to grow and when to plant it.See also: Allotment (gardening) Berms of fava beans have been planted at Hayes Valley Farm, a community-built farm on the former Central freeway ramps of San Francisco Douglas John McConnell (2003). The Forest Farms of Kandy: And Other Gardens of Complete Design. Ashgate. p.1. ISBN 9780754609582. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023 . Retrieved 6 October 2020. Updated information for key topics including, environment, wildlife, edibles, pests and diseases, peat free/organic, and pruning and growing techniques. Product shortages and soaring prices reveal fragility of U.S. supply chain". CBS News. 13 April 2022. Archived from the original on 19 July 2022 . Retrieved 19 July 2022. Hügelkultur is concerned with growing plants on piles of rotting wood, as a form of raised bed gardening and composting in situ. [13] An English loanword from German, it means "mound garden." Toby Hemenway, noted permaculture author and teacher, considers wood buried in trenches to also be a form of hugelkultur referred to as a dead wood swale. [14] Hugelkultur is practiced by Sepp Holzer as a method of forest gardening and agroforestry, and by Geoff Lawton as a method of dryland farming and desert greening. [15] When used as a method of disposing of large volumes of waste wood and woody debris, hugelkultur accomplishes carbon sequestration. [13] It is also a form of xeriscaping.