Portrait (Lit Z)

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While all of those literary works were published under Liszt's name, it is not quite clear which parts of them he had written himself. It is known from his letters that during the time of his youth there had been a collaboration with Marie d'Agoult. During the Weimar years, it was Princess Wittgenstein who helped him. In most cases, the manuscripts have disappeared so that it is difficult to determine which of Liszt's literary works were actually works of his own. Until the end of his life, however, it was Liszt's point of view that it was he who was responsible for the contents of those literary works. In 1835, the countess left her husband and family to join Liszt in Geneva; Liszt's daughter with the countess, Blandine, was born there on 18 December. [24] Liszt taught at the newly founded Geneva Conservatory, wrote a manual of piano technique (later lost) [25] and contributed essays for the Paris Revue et gazette musicale. In these essays, he argued for the raising of the artist from the status of a servant to a respected member of the community. [16] In 1833, Liszt began his relationship with the Countess Marie d'Agoult. In addition to this, at the end of April 1834, he made the acquaintance of Felicité de Lamennais. [23] Under the influence [ clarification needed] of both, Liszt's creative output exploded. [ citation needed]

Litz wire is a particular type of multistrand wire or cable used in electronics to carry alternating current (AC) at radio frequencies. The wire is designed to reduce the skin effect and proximity effect losses in conductors used at frequencies up to about 1MHz. [1] A serving of a single or double layer of silk or nylon if the self-isolation of the strand by enamel could be not enough. This is the cheapest and most suitable choice for low-withstanding voltages. When using this type of wire, varnishing the winding or even the finished product can help because the silk or nylon textile can absorb the varnish and provide more robust isolation. Applying the varnish under the vacuum process would be preferred to improve reliability and reproducibility. Adding to his reputation was that Liszt gave away much of the proceeds of his work to charity and humanitarian causes. Liszt had made so much money by his mid-forties that nearly all his performing fees after 1857 went to charity. [ citation needed] He donated large sums to the building fund of Cologne Cathedral, and St. Stephen's Basilica in Pest, and made private donations to public services such as hospitals and schools, as well as charitable organizations such as the Leipzig Musicians Pension Fund. After the Great Fire of Hamburg in May 1842, he gave concerts in aid of those left homeless. [3] Liszt in Weimar [ edit ] Franz Liszt, portrait by Hungarian painter Miklós Barabás, 1847 The need to abandon her own standards and watch people suffer and die was hard enough for McGowan. Just as disorienting, though, was the sense that more and more patients no longer cared what happened to her or anyone else. She had assumed she and her patients played by the same basic rules—that she would try her utmost to help them get better and that they would support her or at least treat her humanely.Round conductors such as wire or cables larger than a few skin depths do not conduct much current near their axis, so the metal located at the central part of the wire is not used effectively.

Even if moral injury research is a young and growing field, scientists and clinicians already agree that a key step toward healing for morally injured people—whether in therapy or not—has to do with grasping the true nature of what they’re facing. They’re not hopeless, “bad seeds” or uniquely irredeemable. They may not fit the criteria for PTSD or another mental illness. Instead they’re suffering from a severe disconnect between the moral principles they live by and the reality of what is happening or has happened. In moral injury, “that sense of who you are as a person has been brought into question,” Dean says. “We have a lot of people saying, ‘This is the language I’ve been looking for for the past 20 years.’” Ancient Origins With some works from the end of the Weimar years, Liszt drifted more and more away from the musical taste of his time. An early example is the melodrama "Der traurige Mönch" ("The sad monk") after a poem by Nikolaus Lenau, composed at the beginning of October 1860. While in the 19th-century harmonies were usually considered as major or minor triads to which dissonances could be added, Liszt used the augmented triad as the central chord. This article will first summarize the well-known properties of Litz wire by highlighting special care and tips in its selection (part 1). The modelization approach of such conductors will be then discussed and the models available in FEA simulation tools will be compared. Eventually, a few words and references about the equivalent thermal conductivitythat can be assigned to a given Litz wire will be introduced to help in thermal simulation (part 2). Liszt also worked until at least 1885 on a treatise for modern harmony. Pianist Arthur Friedheim, who also served as Liszt's personal secretary, remembered seeing it among Liszt's papers at Weimar. Liszt told Friedheim that the time was not yet ripe to publish the manuscript, titled Sketches for a Harmony of the Future. Unfortunately, this treatise has been lost. As Frankl would have done, therapists such as Litz and Harwood-Gross encourage clients to accept the depth of inhumanity in the world rather than attempt to blot out awareness of that inhumanity. The essential question—the same one Frankl confronted—then becomes: “In the midst of what has happened and what is still happening, how can I find meaning in life?”Litz wire is frequently found in power applications in frequencies ranging between lower tens to higher hundreds kilohertz, namely induction cookers and transmitters of inductive chargers (e.g. the Qi standard). Multiple parallel twisted strands of enameled wires can be found also in transformers in some switching power supplies.

The largest and best-known portion of Liszt's music is his original piano work. During the Weimar period, he composed 19 Hungarian Rhapsodies, themselves revisions of his own Magyar Dalok/Rhapsódiák. His thoroughly revised masterwork, " Années de pèlerinage" ("Years of Pilgrimage"), includes arguably his most provocative and stirring pieces. This set of three suites ranges from the virtuosity of the Suisse Orage (Storm) to the subtle and imaginative visualizations of artworks by Michelangelo and Raphael in the second set. " Années de pèlerinage" contains some pieces which are loose transcriptions of Liszt's own earlier compositions; the first "year" recreates his early pieces of " Album d'un voyageur", while the second book includes a resetting of his own song transcriptions once separately published as " Tre sonetti di Petrarca" ("Three sonnets of Petrarch"). The relative obscurity of the vast majority of his works may be explained by the immense number of pieces he composed, and the level of technical difficulty which was present in much of his composition. The above considerations are valid for a single conductor. However, these simple formulas and concepts clearly illustrate that according to the current to drive through the winding, parallelization of small conductors will be a must. They can be just wound multi-filar that it is not a good solution either for proximity effect between conductors or process optimization. Litz wire characterizes this parallelization plus a twisting versus length so that each strand passes equally through each position on the inside and outside of the bundle (figure 6). This prevents the circulation of currents between strands by reducing proximity effects. The windows overlook a parched expanse of field—McGowan’s farmer husband grew just a fraction of his usual hay crop last year because of a drought. In some ways, they face the same existential dilemma: What do you do when forces beyond your control shrivel your highest intentions? Some of Liszt's students were disappointed with him. [n 18] An example is Eugen d'Albert, who eventually was almost on hostile terms with Liszt. [n 19] Felix Draeseke, who had joined the circle around Liszt at Weimar in 1857, is another example. Moral injury is a specific trauma that arises when people face situations that deeply violate their conscience or threaten their core values. Those who grapple with it, such as McGowan, can struggle with guilt, anger and a consuming sense that they can’t forgive themselves or others.Liszt, in some of his works, supported the relatively new idea of program music—that is, music intended to evoke extra-musical ideas such as a depiction of a landscape, a poem, a particular character or personage. (By contrast, absolute music stands for itself and is intended to be appreciated without any particular reference to the outside world.) Litz wire is very effective below 500kHz; it is rarely used above 2 MHz as it is much less effective there. [1] At frequencies above about 1MHz, the benefits become gradually offset by the effect of parasitic capacitance between the strands. [7] At microwave frequencies, the skin depth is much smaller than the diameter of the strands, and the current that is forced through the inner strands induces strong eddy currents in the outer strands, which negates the benefits of litz wire to the point where it performs much worse than solid wire of the same diameter. [8] The strand diameter selection can have a big impact on the real total AC copper losses of transformers or chokes wound by Litz wire. From such statements, the strand diameter must be optimized to keep the Fr ratio as low as possible without maximizing the cost of the product by expensive Litz wire application or too challenging an interleaving process in the winding construction. Figure 5.7δ Diameter Conductor shows an AC Resistance of twice the DC value.Image used courtesy of Bodo’s Power Systems[PDF] From the early 1860s, there were attempts to obtain a position for Liszt in Hungary. In 1871, the Hungarian Prime Minister Gyula Andrássy made a new attempt writing on 4 June 1871, to the Hungarian King (the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph I), requesting an annual grant of 4,000 Gulden and the rank of a "Königlicher Rat" ("Crown Councillor") for Liszt, who in return would permanently settle in Budapest, directing the orchestra of the National Theatre as well as musical institutions. [n 4]

It wasn’t just COVID patients McGowan couldn’t help. It was also everyone else. People still approached a health-care emergency with the expectation that they were going to be taken care of right away. But in the midst of the surge, there were no beds. “And I don’t have a helicopter that can fly you between my hospital and the next hospital,” she says, “because they’re all full.” A patient with suspected colon cancer showed up bleeding in the ER, and McGowan’s inner impulses screamed that she needed to admit the woman immediately for testing. But because there were no beds left, she had to send the patient home instead. Besides his musical works, Liszt wrote essays about many subjects. Most important for an understanding of his development is the article series "De la situation des artistes" ("On the situation of artists") which was published in the Parisian Gazette musicale in 1835. In winter 1835–36, during Liszt's stay in Geneva, about half a dozen further essays followed. One of them that was slated to be published under the pseudonym "Emm Prym" was about Liszt's own works. It was sent to Maurice Schlesinger, editor of the Gazette musicale. Schlesinger, however, following the advice of Berlioz, did not publish it. [n 13] At the beginning of 1837, Liszt published a review of some piano works of Sigismond Thalberg. The review provoked a huge scandal. [n 14] Liszt also published a series of writings titled "Baccalaureus letters", ending in 1841. The term litz wire originates from Litzendraht (coll. Litze), German for braided/stranded wire [3] or woven wire. [4] [ bettersourceneeded] Principle of operation [ edit ] Figure 3c.Current density inside a conductor including the fringing flux effect from an air gap.Image used courtesy of Bodo’s Power Systems[PDF]

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In spite of the conditions under which Liszt had been appointed as "Königlicher Rat", he neither directed the orchestra of the National Theatre nor permanently settled in Hungary. Typically, he would arrive in mid-winter in Budapest. After one or two concerts of his students, by the beginning of spring, he left. He never took part in the final examinations, which were in the summer of every year. Some of the pupils joined the lessons that Liszt gave in the summer in Weimar. [ citation needed] IELTS = International English Language Testing System. It is the world’s biggest English language test with test centres in most countries. This means it is a test which accepts international English, not only British English. After Liszt settled in Weimar, his pupils steadily increased in number. By his death in 1886, there would have been several hundred people who in some sense could have been regarded as his students. August Göllerich published a voluminous catalogue of them. [n 16] In a note he added the remark that he had taken the connotation of "student" in its widest sense. As a consequence, his catalog includes names of pianists, violinists, cellists, harpists, organists, composers, conductors, singers, and even writers. Franz Liszt composed about six dozen original songs with piano accompaniment. In most cases, the lyrics were in German or French, but there are also some songs in Italian, Russian, and Hungarian, and one song in English. Liszt began with the song "Angiolin dal biondo crin" in 1839, and, by 1844, had composed about two dozen songs. Some of them had been published as single pieces. In addition, there was an 1843–1844 series Buch der Lieder. The series had been projected for three volumes, consisting of six songs each, but only two volumes appeared.