Efamol High Strength Pure Evening Primrose Oil 500mg - 90 Mini Easy to Swallow Capsules - Omega 6 Fatty Acids GLA + Vitamin E

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There has been one case report of lipoid pneumonia secondary to long‐term use of EPO in a person with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) ( Rabahi 2010). Efamol Evening Primrose Oil is unique. The oil used is carefully extracted from the specially cultivated Rigel Evening Primrose, the seeds of which contain up to 33% more GLA than other Evening Primrose Oil. Efamol carefully manages each step of the oil extraction process to ensure that the oil stays in the same form as in the seed, thus retaining its natural properties. Comparison 1: EPO versus placebo, Outcome 1: Participant‐reported global improvement in symptoms (0 to 100 VAS reduction) Biophysical skin parameters are indicators of age-related structural and functional changes in skin tissues. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy adults tested the effect of Efamol evening primrose oil [EPO, a gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) containing vegetable oil] on skin moisture, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), redness, firmness, elasticity, fatigue resistance and roughness. Efamol EPO was administered orally in soft gel capsules, 3 x 500 mg b.i.d. for 12 weeks. Measurements were taken at baseline and at weeks 4 and 12. The two treatment groups did not differ at baseline and at week 4. At week 12, however, all measured variables, with the exception of skin redness, were significantly different in the EPO group compared with placebo. Skin moisture, TEWL, elasticity, firmness, fatigue resistance and roughness had significantly improved by 12.9, 7.7, 4.7, 16.7, 14.2 and 21.7%, respectively. The two-sided levels of significance in favor of the EPO treatment ranged between 0.034 and 0.001. These findings lend further support to the notion that GLA is a conditionally essential fatty acid for the skin, i.e. it is unable to synthesize GLA, and therefore depends on preformed GLA for optimal structure and function. Symptoms and signs of eczema (erythema, scaling, excoriation, weeping, etc) and effect on daily living (level of discomfort, inability to sleep, etc) by participant (method = 0 to 10 scale, where 0 is none and 10 is most severe)

Comment: A statistical analysis plan was developed in June 2001 (some years after the study was completed) We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases to ensure that we identified all relevant studies. We also scanned through the reference lists of all the identified studies to look for any relevant studies. There were no language restrictions applied to studies for this review, and in fact, we translated four German articles and included them in the review. It is unlikely that we missed any relevant RCTs. We reduced potential bias in the conduct of this review by having two of the review authors independently scan through the search output, extract data, and assess the methodological quality of each study. However, we were unable to formally assess the likelihood of publication bias (selective reporting of positive findings) using funnel plots because of the small number of studies per meta‐analysis. Although we did not carry out a Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) appraisal for the review, we could comment on the quality of evidence using the magnitude of sample sizes, the results from meta‐analyses, and the assessment of risk of bias. Evening Primrose ( Oenothera L.) belongs to the Onagraceae family, and plants from the genus Oenothera biennis are the most numerous and have been studied extensively. EPO, obtained from the seeds, is used as a dietary supplement [ 8, 9, 10], and it is composed of a 98% mixture of triacylglycerols and a 1–2% non-saponifiable fraction made of 53.16% sterols. Among the triacylglycerols, 70–74% are composed of linoleic acid (LA) and another 8–10% of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), which are essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) belonging to the omega-6 acids family [ 8, 9, 10]. The beneficial effects of EPO consumption on the skin, in different autoimmune diseases, in premenstrual syndrome and in reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are associated with the elevated presence of PUFAs, but other effects are also associated with the presence of sterols [ 8, 9, 10].

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During the years since the protocol to this review was published, there have been changes in practice: The mainstays of the management of eczema are the use of emollients (creams, ointments, and bath additives). Recently, manufactured "pseudo‐ceramides" ( Draelos 2011) have joined topical corticosteroids and immune modulators ( Thestrup‐Pedersen 2003; Williams 2008) as treatments for eczema. There is no evidence that probiotics have an effect on established eczema ( Williams 2008). If you are pregnant, breast-feeding, taking any medication or have an existing medical condition including epilepsy consult your doctor before using this product. Conventional medical treatments make life better for people; however, some people who do not see an adequate improvement in their eczema or fear side‐effects of conventional medical products, turn to complementary alternatives to conventional medical treatment. This review is of two such products:evening primrose oil (EPO) and borage oil (BO) taken orally (by mouth), which have been thought to have benefits for eczema.

There is a lay perception that complementary treatments, such as EPO and BO, treat the skin 'from within' and are 'gentler'when compared to physician‐prescribed topicals. The finished product specifications must be established in accordance with the requirements described in the NHPD Quality of natural health products guide. Wang L, Zhang C, Liang H, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids level and bone mineral density: A two-sample mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:858851. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.858851 Harris M, Farrell V, Houtkooper L, Going S, Lohman T. Associations of polyunsaturated fatty acid intake with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Osteoporos. 2015;2015:737521. doi:10.1155%2F2015%2F737521Seeds from wild varieties of Evening Primrose will vary from crop to crop in the quantity and quality of Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA), an essential fatty acid. Hence, the wild plant cannot be relied upon for a consistent quantity or quality of oil. From those findings Efamol developed our bespoke Evening Primrose plant which is naturally very high in GLA compared to standard Evening Primrose Oil, we still use the same seed ‘Rigel’ today. At a personal level, eczema has a significant effect on life quality and affects sleep ( Reid 1995; Terreehorst 2002), school ( Lewis Jones 1995), employment, relationships, and family life ( Lewis Jones 1995; Su 1997). Sunflower oil, DHA-rich fish oil, Pure Evening Primrose Oil, flavouring: lemon oil; Vitamin E (as dl-alpha tocopheryl acetate), flavouring: lime; antioxidants: dl-alpha tocopherol, tocopherol rich extract; Thyme Oil. Alpha (α)-tocopherol (Sweetman 2007; O'Neil et al. 2001); Vitamin E (Sweetman 2007; IOM 2003; O'Neil et al. 2001)